Chromium(VI) Removal Using Biosorbents Derived from Moringa Oleifera

Many coagulants are widely used in conventional water treatment processes based on their chemical characteristics. These coagulants are classified into inorganic, synthetic organic polymers and natural coagulants. Coagulation is the most essential process in the treatment of both turbid surface and industrial wastewaters. Coagulationflocculation is one ofthe most important physicochemical treatment steps in wastewater treatment toreduce the turbidity of wastewater. Due to the lack of proper water treatment systems in these rural or under developed communities the best immediate option is to use simple and relatively cost effective point of use technologies such as coagulation. 

 

Chromium(VI) is highly toxic and soluble in water and it is a strongoxidizing agent that causes severe damage to cell membranes. The mostcommonly used primary chemical coagulants, namely alum (AlCl3), ferric chloride(FeCl3) and polyaluminium chloride (PAC). The disadvantages associated with these coagulants such as ineffectiveness in low temperature water relatively high procurement cost, detrimental effects on human health, production of large sludge volumes and the fact that they significantly affect pH of treated water. There is strong evidence linking aluminium based coagulants to the development of Alzhemier’s disease in human beings.

Evaluation and Quantification of Some Trace Elements in Drinking Water by ICP-OES

Water is an essential component for life and an important source of intake of trace elements in humans. Therefore, its quality is of great importance to human health. In Turabah province (Saudi Arabia) Local factories of water treatment are small simple units consist usually of sand filters, carbon filters and ion exchange resin. The resource of the water forthese local factories is wells in the valley of Turabah. No daily quality control tests for following up the quality of water in these factories, most of the people used the water produced by local factories in cooking, were some of them used it for drinking. 

The quality of drinking-water is a powerful environmental determinant of health; groundwater which the source of the drinking water inTurabah province contains major ions of the trace metals and other toxicpollutants. All TEs are toxic if consumed at sufficiently high levels for long enough periods. The difference between toxic intakes and optimal intakes to meet physiological needs for essential trace elements is great for some elements but it is much smaller for others.