Biomass
refers to renewable organic materials, including agricultural products and
agricultural wastes, wood and its wastes, animal wastes, urban wastes, aquatic
plants, and so on. Lignocellulosic materials are the most abundant renewableorganic biomass on Earth, being constantly generated through photosynthesis and
existing in large numbers and wide variety from the forest to the sea. This
biomass is emerging as an energy source among many kinds of new energy
including wind energy, hydroenergy, solar energy, nuclear energy, etc.
The use of
biomass instead of coal and oil to produce chemical substances that satisfy
human requirements has begun to be gradually considered by scientists since the
late 1960s when the negative impact of the coal and petroleum chemical industryon the environment was recognized. Besides that, a shortage of fossil energy is
considered a serious problem.Therefore,
lignocellulosic biomass not only can ease energy and environmental problems,
but also it is renewable. Furthermore all, the proposal of recycling economy
and sustainable development strategies, conversion, and research in the
application of natural lignocellulosic feedstock are highly valued and widely
used. Because of this, lignocelluloses biotechnology has achieved rapid
development in recent decades and expanded the research field significantly.
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